WW Chapter 13

Much of the Paleolithic values and systems carried on into Classical civilizations. much of the time there was a gather hunter influence if not it was agriculturally influenced. The absence of agriculture in Australia fired those people to master and manipulate the land that they had, and they did what they thought fir with it not necessarily the smartest ways of farming. They based their way of agriculture on the Paleolithic ways of the past. In the more Northwestern civilizations the scene was different. the civilizations had sturdy house, specialization and a more structured society.

In the early 15ht century the Ming Dynasty China was changing. they left behind their mongol ways and focused on Confucian learning. Their government became much more centralized and it was said that China was the "best governed and most prosperous" civilization of that era.

In Europe the same type of changes were occurring this time period was referred to as the renaissance. Zheung He led many voyages, but after the emperor died the voyages stopped, there was no support from other political leaders at that time. The stop of the voyages was the extinction of the best navy and stopped the potential of the grab civilization. Chinese expeditions were larger than any that Europe had ever put out. Europe sought wealth and power and possible Christianity conversions, China didn't need those things and didn't seek that through its expedition. Why Zheung He is forgotten could be because his expeditions had less potential and drive, thus making them less memorable. 

n the Americas the 15th century civilizations were the Aztecs and the Incas. The Aztecs had a worldly approach they valued the world, sun and everything that is life. incas were similar but when they took over a place they wanted those who had been taken per to almost worship them. many of theses places had connections with each other amazingly. 

WW Chapter 10

The Worlds of European Christendom.

West Europe collapsed in 5th century.
East Europe collapsed in 6th century.

Byzantine Empire included Egypt, Greece, Syria and Anatulia and practiced Orthodox Christianity, differing from Roman Catholicism in the use of painting, nature of the Trinity and importance of faith.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity was practiced in Russia, brought over by many different trades amongst people the religion was picked up.
The Crusades came about around 1095, they were called "holy wars." They crusaders went around and made people vow to their religion in return removed their sins, many Europeans supposed these crusades.

I like to read about religion in history books because you get such a broad look into different and interesting religions. I like to see what other religions are out there and how they came about. Sometimes I feel too focused on my own Catholic region that I don't give the right respect to other cultures and traditions. Its also very interesting to learn that so many times people found new religions amongst the traders simply because they liked something they saw. I don't agree with the crusades too much force was used to convert people.

WW Chapter 9

The Golden Age of China consisted of achievements in arts, literature, excellence in poetry, landscape painting and ceramics. Tang and Song built a state structure that consisted of six major ministries, personnel, finance, rite, army, justice and public works. The Song dynasty was China's most skilled, richest and most popular on Earth, because of its cultural and political achievements. Women in the Song Dynasty were regarded as distractions for men, they led less strict lives but still had many restrictions. They began to work and have more control of their lives later in the dynasty.

DGP Chapter 6

Polynesians.
Their culture is less well understood. They had no system of writing nor did they encounter anyone who could write for them so much of their history is lost. What historians do is what they gather from evidence left behind by them like pottery and sculptures. The Polynesian people crossed 4,000 miles across central Pacific to Polynesia. Although they moved a lot and encountered new people their population was surprisingly homogenous. Their method of travel was the outrigger canoe, a hallowed out tree log, for big voyages, they used two very large hallowed out logs. Trade was mostly local. These people who are normally portrayed as barbarians were said to actually be hospitable, cheerful and good natured. They developed their language from other cultures and their language changed over time. The reason why the Polynesians and Vikings societies were said to have died down because overtime the people forgot or lost the ability to make boats which were necessary for traveling, trading, communicating and thus surviving.

WW Chapter 8

The silk roared provided no only good but also unity across Eurasia. Large and prosperous states allowed the Silk Road to flourish with their provided safety. Silk was the major product hence the name, most were luxury products, generally moved silk east to west. Along with goods, cultures were brought alone the silk road. Buddhism appealed to many.

Diseases spread along the road, in the case of seaborne illness in Athens, 25%of the population died. there was no means to cope with new diseases. This was actually a leg up when Europeans wanted to invade the Americas, disease was an unintentional weapon.

Later the became a vast way of trading. it connecting ore people than the Silk Road and created centers of commerce on routes. This was a cheaper way of transportation and was more of a mass market than the Silk Road.

Cultures began to influence each other.  Southeast Asia influenced Srivijaya with its Buddhism, Swahili Civilizations flourish because of their prime location and many visitors settled there.

Africa was good for trading gold, salt ad slaves amongst other things.

The Americas were sort of left out. There is no evidence of other cults great influence, none of the Mayans or Aztecs.

WW Chapter 11

Islam touched two worlds East Asia and Western Eurasia, it helped shaped the history of Afro-Eurasia. Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, was born in Mecca, he felt a powerful and overwhelming religious experience in the mountains, he was convinced that he was Allah's messenger.
The Quran is like the Islamic Bible. Medina was the place of the "super tribe of muslims" early on. The Islamic/Arab empires eventually stretched from Spain to India. For some converting was spiritual for others it was more of a social thing.
The community was divided, there was a lack of leadership after Muhammad's death so they created Caliphs. The Sunni Muslims believed in the Caliphs, the Shia  believed that there was no need for Caliphs it would take away from Ali and his sons. In early Islam, men had authority over women, the Quran included restrictions and protections for women. The Arab empire os defined by four places, India, Anatolia, West Africa and Spain.
The new civilizations of Islam is a network, a network of faith and exchange. It has a huge exchange of goods, technologies, food products and ideas. Many Islamic people have accomplished amazing achievements.